The efficiency of the labor market is a competitive advantage of Kazakhstan
On 30th of September 2015 World Economic Forum (WEF) published its annual Global Competitiveness Report 2015-2016.
According to the rating, Kazakhstan took 42nd place with an average score of 4.49, increasing its rating by 8 points.
140 countries (previous year - 144) participated in the estimation of the Global Competitiveness Index of the World Economic Forum (GCI) 2015-2016.
In 2015, due to the lack of data, Angola, Barbados, Burkina Faso, Libya, Puerto Rico, Suriname, Timor-Leste and Yemen were not included in the rating.
However, countries such as Benin, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Ecuador and Liberia, which were not included in the previous edition, have been included this year.
As it is known, GCI is calculated by 114 indicators, of which 34 are based on statistical data, and the others are based on estimates of the managers of medium and large enterprises. Of the 114 indicators are derived 12 factors of competitiveness that characterize in detail the competitiveness of countries at different levels of economic development.
The competitive advantage of Kazakhstan, despite a slight decline positions is labor market efficiency - 18th place (2014 - 15).
In addition, there is an improvement in the macroeconomic environment – 25th place (2014 - 27).
According to the WEF, competitiveness of Kazakhstan is at an average level, judging by such factors as institutions - 50th place (2014 - 57), infrastructure – 58th place (2014 - 62), higher education and vocational training – 60th place (2014 - 62), goods market efficiency – 49th place (2014 - 54), technological readiness – 61st place (2014 - 61) and the size of the market – 46th place (2014 - 52).
Kazakhstan's position in the Global Competitiveness Index 2015-2016.
|
|
2015-2016 (amongst 140 countries) |
2014-2015 (amongst 144 countries) |
Dynamics |
|
|
Global Competitiveness Index |
42 |
50 |
▲8 |
|
|
Institutions |
50 |
57 |
▲7 |
|
|
Infrastructure |
58 |
62 |
▲4 |
|
|
Macroeconomic Environment |
25 |
27 |
▲2 |
|
|
Health and primary education |
93 |
96 |
▲3 |
|
|
Higher education and training |
60 |
62 |
▲2 |
|
|
Goods market efficiency |
49 |
54 |
▲5 |
|
|
Labor market efficiency |
18 |
15 |
▼3 |
|
|
Development of the financial market |
91 |
98 |
▲7 |
|
|
Technological readiness |
61 |
61 |
- |
|
|
Market size |
46 |
52 |
▲6 |
|
|
The competitiveness of companies |
79 |
91 |
▲12 |
|
|
Innovation |
72 |
85 |
▲13 |
|
The most dramatic surge occurred in the following areas:
- Control of international distribution (60th place compared to 91st in 2014);
- The effectiveness of anti-monopoly policy (68th place compared to 94th ), trade taxes (the rates)% (73rd place compared to 101st );
- Inconvenience of customs procedures (55th place compared to 77th);
- Quality providers in the domestic market (88th place compared to 108th);
- Quality of the research organizations (81st place compared to 99th);
- Burdensome of administrative regulation (46th place compared to 63rd);
- Protection of the interests of minority shareholders (52nd place compared to 63rd);
- Intensity of competition in the internal market (94th place compared to 111th);
- Informal payments and bribes (64th place compared to 80th );
- Internet access in schools (41st place compared to 56th ).
These indicators of competitiveness of Kazakhstan were highly evaluated, as HIV prevalence among the adult population (1st place), the number of mobile subscribers (7th place), government surplus \ deficit (10th place), public debt (12th place), the costs of dismissal (20th place), flexibility in determining cost (22nd place), wages and productivity (22nd place).
In today's competitive environment not only macro-economic factors are taken into account, but also the quality of the workforce and its ability to innovate practically.
High level of education is an important engine of the national economy, which (together with other factors) should be widely used in the process of transition of the domestic economy to an innovative stage and increase of its competitiveness.
The most important factors in the growth of competitiveness of Kazakhstan are the increase in the share of private sector in GDP and the creation of new jobs, innovation, development of policies to support competition in the market, improvement of the institutional system, productivity growth, attraction of direct foreign and domestic investment, expansion of domestic and external market.
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